A team of scientists from Princeton University has measured the energies of electrons in a new class of quantum materials and has found them to follow a fractal pattern. Fractals are self-repeating patterns that occur on different length scales and can be seen in nature in a variety of settings, including snowflakes, ferns, and coastlines. The image shows a quantum version of a fractal pattern, known as “Hofstadter’s butterfly,” which has long been predicted, but the new study marks the first time it has been directly observed experimentally in a real material. Credit: Yazdani group

Researchers Captured Elusive Quantum Hofstadter’s Butterfly Pattern

Princeton physicists accidentally discovered and directly visualized Hofstadter’s butterfly—a theoretical fractal pattern of electron energy levels predicted in 1976—using scanning tunneling microscopy on twisted bilayer graphene, revealing not only the long-sought fractal energy spectrum but also new quantum phenomena driven by electron interactions beyond Hofstadter’s original calculations.

Technology

Enhancing Majorana stability with a three-site Kitaev chain

Scalable Kitaev Chains for Quantum Computing

A QuTech-led research team successfully created a three-site Kitaev chain in a hybrid InSb/Al nanowire that demonstrates enhanced stability of Majorana zero modes compared to two-site chains, marking significant progress toward scalable topological quantum computing.

Quantum skyrmions through noise.

Topological Quantum Resilience: Skyrmions Defeat Noise Barrier

Researchers have demonstrated that quantum information encoded in topological skyrmions remains resilient to environmental noise even as entanglement deteriorates, representing a breakthrough “digitization” approach that could revolutionize practical quantum technologies without requiring complex compensation strategies.

Experimental setup of the OPA at 1553 nm. DFB, distributed feedback; PPLN, periodically poled lithium niobate.

New 193nm Laser Creates Vortex Beams for Advanced Chipmaking

A groundbreaking compact solid-state laser system generates 193-nm coherent light for semiconductor lithography while also producing the first-ever 193-nm vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum, offering superior coherence and potential applications in wafer processing, defect inspection, and quantum technologies.

Simulating two-dimensional lattice QED with matter fields.

Qudit Quantum Computing Breaks New Ground in Gauge Theory

Researchers from the University of Innsbruck and the University of Waterloo have achieved a breakthrough in quantum computing by using qudits (quantum units with multiple values) instead of traditional qubits to efficiently simulate quantum electrodynamics in two dimensions, demonstrating magnetic field interactions between particles and opening new possibilities for solving previously intractable problems in particle physics.

High-precision quantum gates with diamond spin qubits

High-precision quantum gates with diamond spin qubits

QuTech researchers, collaborating with Fujitsu and Element Six, have achieved a significant quantum computing milestone by demonstrating diamond spin-based quantum gates with error rates below 0.1%—satisfying a critical threshold for quantum error correction and bringing us one step closer to scalable quantum computation.

Experimental setup demonstrating entanglement between two photons. (a) The experimental setup: A 405 nm laser illuminates a β-barium borate (BBO) crystal to generate entangled photon pairs, with the idler photon in the upper arm and the signal photon in the lower arm. The metasurface (MS) encodes polarization information into holographic letters. (b) The signal photon’s hologram observed without a polarizer (eraser) in the idler arm. (c-f) Holograms with different polarizer orientations in the idler arm. The polarizer set to horizontal (H), diagonal (D), vertical (V), and antidiagonal (A) orientations selectively erases the corresponding letter in the holographic output. Credit: H. Liang et al., doi 10.1117/1.AP.7.2.026006

Quantum Holograms: Metasurfaces Unlock New Frontiers in Quantum Entanglement

Researchers have successfully created quantum holograms using metasurfaces, enabling unprecedented control over entangled photon pairs where the polarization of one photon can selectively erase holographic content in its partner, demonstrating precise quantum control with applications in secure communication and anti-counterfeiting technology.

Business

International

Quantum skyrmions through noise.

Topological Quantum Resilience: Skyrmions Defeat Noise Barrier

Researchers have demonstrated that quantum information encoded in topological skyrmions remains resilient to environmental noise even as entanglement deteriorates, representing a breakthrough “digitization” approach that could revolutionize practical quantum technologies without requiring complex compensation strategies.

cientists have unlocked the full statistical fingerprint of quantum entanglement, enabling device testing without needing to know how those devices work. Credit: J-D Bancal (IPhT)

Decoding Quantum Entanglement: The Language of Hidden Statistics

This research fully maps the statistical outcomes of quantum entanglement, enabling complete description of partially entangled states through mathematical transformation, establishing theoretical limits of quantum physics while opening new avenues for secure quantum testing, communications, and computing without requiring assumptions about device properties.

Experimental setup of the OPA at 1553 nm. DFB, distributed feedback; PPLN, periodically poled lithium niobate.

New 193nm Laser Creates Vortex Beams for Advanced Chipmaking

A groundbreaking compact solid-state laser system generates 193-nm coherent light for semiconductor lithography while also producing the first-ever 193-nm vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum, offering superior coherence and potential applications in wafer processing, defect inspection, and quantum technologies.

Overview of OQTOPUS. Credit: OQTOPUS Team

OQTOPUS: Japan’s Open Quantum OS for Cloud

OQTOPUS is a groundbreaking open-source quantum computing operating system created collaboratively by Japanese institutions, offering comprehensive customization from setup to execution while significantly reducing implementation complexity, thus making quantum computing more accessible to a broader range of users and accelerating its practical adoption.

Simulating two-dimensional lattice QED with matter fields.

Qudit Quantum Computing Breaks New Ground in Gauge Theory

Researchers from the University of Innsbruck and the University of Waterloo have achieved a breakthrough in quantum computing by using qudits (quantum units with multiple values) instead of traditional qubits to efficiently simulate quantum electrodynamics in two dimensions, demonstrating magnetic field interactions between particles and opening new possibilities for solving previously intractable problems in particle physics.

Startups

SandboxAQ Logo

SandboxAQ Secures $300M to Scale Large Quantitative Models

SandboxAQ has announced a significant funding round of over $300 million from prominent investors including Fred Alger Management, T. Rowe Price Associates, Mumtalakat, and notable individuals like Eric Schmidt, Marc Benioff and Yann LeCun. The […]

University of Birmingham Logo

Delta g raises £1.5m to build gravity gradiometry platform

A new University of Birmingham spinout, Delta g, has raised £1.5 million in its pre-seed investment round to fast-track the commercial availability of its ground-breaking quantum technology gravity sensors for mapping the underground space. The […]

Quantum Machines logo

Toyota Tsusho Partners With Quantum Machines

Quantum Machines, provider of quantum control solutions , and Toyota Tsusho Corporation (Toyota Tsusho), a member of the Toyota Group, have announced a partnership to offer Japanese customers cutting edge quantum technologies. The partnership will […]

ORCA Computing: a new Quantum Computer in the UK

ORCA Computing is working with the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) to develop future data processing capabilities. In a year-long programme of activity, MoD will use ORCA’s PT-1 model, the first computer of its kind […]