Assessing physical realism experimentally in a quantum-regulated device

Schematic circuits of quantum controlled interferometers. The blue boxes represent unitary operations which here play the role of superposition devices—the quantum network equivalent of a beam-splitter. Using an ancillary qubit in superposition (quantum control system), we implement the quantumly controlled unitary superposition device (represented by the red boxes). a Original version of the quantum delayed-choice experiment, where the second beam-splitter is prepared in a coherent superposition of being in and out of the interferometer (configurations closed and open, respectively). b Our proposal for a quantum controlled reality experiment. Here, the first beam-splitter is submitted to quantum control. Although the measurement outcomes yield the same visibility in both of these experimental arrangements, the realism aspects inside the interferometer are crucially different. Credit: Communications Physics (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s42005-022-00828-z

In a new report now published in Nature Communications Physics, an international team of scientists in quantum technologies, functional quantum systems and quantum physics, developed a new framework of operational criterion for physical reality.

This attempt facilitated their understanding of a quantum system directly via the quantum state at each instance of time.

During the work, the team established a link between the output visibility and elements of reality within an interferometer.

The team provided an experimental proof-of-principle for a two-spin-½ system in an interferometric setup within a nuclear magnetic resonance platform.

The outcomes validated Bohr’s original formulation of the complementarity principle. (Phys.org)

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